SMAC295 Introduction To Threat and Error Management

by Theresa on February 1, 2022

Today we discuss mitigating threats and managing errors in your daily flying life. Many of us hear Threat and Error Management and think oh no another acronym and a dozen things I need to learn to implement some new strategy. Today we want to give you some practical advice with examples on how to implement strategies in keeping you safe by mitigating the risks involved with general aviation flying and increasing the positive outcomes when we make mistakes. Welcome to Threat and Error Management for the general aviation pilot.

Preflight Checklist:

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Cruise Flight:

What is TEM?
Safety Management process.
Undesired outcomes.
Recognize, manage, prevent undesired aircraft state.
As Pilots, We operate in a complex environment.
- Tools - ADSB, autopilot, checklists, procedures, briefings for the stage of flight.
History - TEM in the 90’s LOSA Line Operations Safety Audit
- TEM was the model used to measure errors
Accidents/Incidents rarely due to one error.
TEM is taught and is action-oriented towards managing the flight.
Prevent - Trap - Mitigate
Traping errors. Assigned heading but put in wrong heading and is trapped by pilot or passenger
Manage threats.
- What is a threat
  - Operational checklist and flows,
  - Environmental - AtC - weather
  - mismanaged threat - the wrong checklist
Capture errors.
- Pilot makes an error - flying the plane, communications, procedural - checklist ets.
Tools
- The pilot is the solution. We can trap errors.
- Anticipate/Prevent (what if) Recognize/Trap, Recover/Mitigate
Not all un trapped errors will cause a UAS.
TEM can apply to General aviation.
- PAVE checklist - Prevent
  - Pressures we place on ourselves. Get the monkey off your back.
- Mechanic threats
- Environmental threats - unfamiliar airport or airplane. Non-standard instrument panel. ATC, airspace, NOTAMS.
  - FBO saves the day by reminding someone of presidential NOTAM.
- External pressures - need to get rating done by a certain day.
Prevent, Trap, Mitigate.